S. Sudan has the highest wildlife migration, Kiir announces
A wildlife migration in South Sudan. | Credit | African Parks

President Salva Kiir announced on Tuesday that South Sudan is home to the world's largest land mammal migration, as evidenced by its census survey.

Despite its history of struggle, South Sudan's ecosystems remain largely intact, serving as sanctuaries for a diverse range of wildlife.

The sprawling savannas and lush forest are home to the last few populations of species found in the country, such as the African elephant, Nubian giraffe, and cheetah.

While these populations have declined since the 1980s, other migratory species have found a way to thrive.

In 2023, African Parks and partners carried out a survey that was the first systematic aerial assessment of wildlife, livestock, and human activity in the landscape since 2010.

It confirmed that South Sudan hosts the largest land mammal migration in the world, where an antelope migration consists of approximately six million animals, including the white-eared Kob, tiang, Mongalla gazelle, and Bohor reedbuck.

Speaking in Juba at the launch of a census survey of wildlife's migration in Badingilo, Boma, and Jonglei landscapes, President Kiir expressed the government's commitment to developing tourism into a sustainable sector.

"I announce the findings of this census to our nation and the international community that the total wildlife population in South Sudan is estimated at 5.8 million. You must keep increasing them, not decreasing the animals," President Kiir emphasized.

"To achieve this, I call upon the security forces, particularly the Ministry of Wildlife and its partners, to prioritize training and equipping wildlife rangers to combat poaching and wildlife trafficking within protected areas."

Kiir stated that an individual found engaging in poaching or wildlife trafficking in South Sudan would face the full force of the law.

The head of state additionally urged the private sector to embrace the opportunity and invest in wildlife tourism ventures, citing that protecting heritage is a shared responsibility.

For his part, Dr. James Wani Igga, the Vice President for Economic Cluster, outlined some of the challenges facing wildlife in the country.

"Number one is poaching. Loss of wildlife species to the bush and meat. We have already seen how they are slaughtered. Disease from wild animals or from domestic animals accidentally trapped," Wani Igga stated. "The data on large carnivore numbers are few and often do not cover all of the protected areas."

Wani stated that poaching contributes to the disruption of wildlife migration, citing the need to create awareness.

"It has been difficult to raise awareness, and this is our number one problem. Awareness within our people so that we stop killing, so that we know that it is illegal," he continued.

He emphasized the importance of formulating policies that would facilitate the growth of wildlife through the use of land, stating:

"The other solution is to develop and implement harmonious, comprehensive legal and institutional frameworks that provide for the expansion of wildlife-integrated land use.”

The vice president also encourages the deployment of the police, wildlife officers, and judiciary to take on wildlife crime in a more robust way.

Beyond its ecological richness, the country's history is deeply intertwined with its landscapes, with ancient cultures and traditions woven into the fabric of its terrain.

The Great Nile Migration Landscape remains one of the largest intact savanna floodplain ecosystems on Earth, covering an area of approximately 130,000 km2 in South Sudan and a total of approximately 150,000 km2, including Gambella National Park and the associated border areas in Ethiopia.

The Sudd Swamps are Africa's largest wetlands and the world's second-largest.